Energy label could be a powerful tool to save energy and reduce energy costs in the residential sector.
This paper proposes a novel economic structure between the residential consumers and the International
Energy Agency (IEA) to determine the energy label of the smart residential buildings within the
framework of the energy efficiency policies. The proposed structure is a developed model of the existing
national certificates, such as Energy Star. In the proposed method, the concept of the energy labeling was
improved based on the optimization problem by considering the hourly injected energy from the utility
to buildings and annual energy consumption. In addition, an incentive mechanism was designed to
encourage volunteer customers to change their consumption patterns based on the presented energy
labeling structure. The incentive mechanism is flexible and can be changed by the system operator
considering the energy label variation. Different practical methods, which included the economic heat
and electrical demands model, building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV), and building integrated plug-in
hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), were evaluated to promote the energy label of the residential building. For
practical implementation, the proposed structure was applied to a sample smart residential building in
East-Azerbaijan of Iran, and it was solved using GAMS software. The numerical results based on realistic
data validated the effectiveness of the presented practical methods within the framework of the introduced energy labeling structure. According to the obtained results, the energy label index of the selected
test system was promoted from F to E in the presence of the economic demand model and PHEV and
promoted to D by using the economic demand model and BIPV system. In addition, the amount of energy
injected into the building was decreased by up to 2.52% through the economic demand and PHEV
schemes and up to 17.22% in the presence of the BIPV system.