Developing interfacial connections is one of the breakthrough strategies to improve the photocatalytic activity of graphene/p-n heterojunction systems. Herein, natural quince seed mucilage, for the first time, was employed as cost-effective and ecofriendly surfactant to prepare novel TiO2- ZnBi2O4/graphene hybrid photocatalyst. The highest photocatalytic efficiency toward methylene blue (MB) degradation under stimulated sunligth irradiation was obtained on TiO2-ZnBi2O4/graphene-QM heterojunction, containing 10 wt.% ZnBi2O4 and 1 wt.% graphene. Quince seed mucilage provided excellent distribution of TiO2-ZnBi2O4 nanoparticles on the highly stabilized graphene sheets, resulting in an improved interfacial intimate contacts, and thus enhanced photocatalytic degradation. Based on the trapping experiments, and photoelectrochemical Mott-Schottky calculations, the hybrid photocatalyst followed indirect Z-scheme charge transfer under simulated sunlight.
