TiO2
nanoparticles embedded polypropylene (PP) membranes were fabricated via thermally induced
phase separation method. Different amounts of TiO2
nanoparticles (0–1 wt%) were added to the PP
membranes and the optimum composition (0.75 wt% of TiO2
in the casting solution) was selected
according to the several structural and operational analyses. The performance and antifouling behavior of the optimized nanocomposite membrane were examined using submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR) system in treatment of primary effluent obtained from the wastewater treatment unit of
Tabriz Oil Refinery Co. (Iran). The obtained results confirmed that the addition of TiO2
nanoparticles
improves the thermal, mechanical and operational properties of PP membrane. For instance, critical
flux increased from 34.5 to 64 L/m2
h for neat and nanocomposite membranes, respectively. Intrinsic,
cake layer and irreversible fouling resistances decreased from 73.50, 511.11 and 756.01 to 25.01, 224.58
and 315.00 for neat and nanocomposite membrane, respectively. Using Hermia’s fouling model, it was
shown that the governing fouling mechanism is cake formation for both membranes; however, the
portion of irreversible fouling considerably decreased when nanocomposite membrane was utilized.
The conspicuous reduction in the fouling of nanocomposite membrane introduces the great potential
of this membrane to be used in MBR for wastewater treatment.