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چکیده
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Abstract In recent years, various techniques for extracting lignocellulose fibers from yucca leaves have been reviewed. These fibers are obtained from the leaves of Yucca, a genus of perennial shrubs and trees in the Agavoideae subfamily native to the Americas. Yucca plants have evergreen rosettes with sword-shaped leaves and large clusters of white or whitish flowers. They can be found in wet rainforests, subtropical habitats, and hot deserts. The leaves of yucca plants have a prickly texture and grow in a rosette pattern. They produce tall stalks of white or yellow f lowers that are used in soap-making. Yucca plants are known for their resilience in drought conditions and their attractive appearance. Some species of yucca produce edible fruits or leaves with medicinal uses. Throughout Central America, yucca fiber has been used for various purposes, such as sandal production, tying, weaving, making textiles with feathers and fur, creating mats, and crafting baskets. Yucca is a valuable resource for indigenous communities due to its widespread availability and accessibility. In addition to reviewing fiber extraction techniques, the physical and chemical properties of these yucca fibers have been evaluated in this chapter. This chapter helps in understanding the characteristics and potential applications of the fibers derived from yucca leaves, Yucca species, the fiber extraction method, germplasm biodiversity and conservation, the objectives and stages of beetroot breeding programs, and conventional breeding methods. Additionally, it addresses modern methods of plant breeding, including marker-assisted breeding and genetic engineering.
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